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Special Reports
Textiles and Apparel in the USA: Restructuring for the 1990s

Published in July 1992

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Table of Contents   

CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND
Economic, Political and Social Change
The Textile and Clothing Industries' Response
The Future
CHAPTER 1: MARKET SIZE AND STRUCTURE
Statistical Databases
Textile Industry Economic Indicators
Domestic Fibre Production and Mill Consumption
Imports and Exports
CHAPTER 3: INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT, STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVENESS
History
The Textile Industry Complex Today
Growing Overseas Competition
CHAPTER 4: FIBRE PRODUCERS
Overview
Structural Change
CHAPTER 5: PRIMARY TEXTILE MILLS
Primary Textiles Classifications
Restructuring the Industry
New Industry Leadership and direction
Converters
CHAPTER 6: APPAREL MANUFACTURERS
Apparel Classifications
Offshore manufacturing
Industry Restructuring and the Import Problem
Selected Major Publicly-held Apparel Companies
Future Trends
CHAPTER 7: THE SOFT GOODS RETAIL INDUSTRY
Retail Classification
Restructuring and Divestment
Companies with Problems
Companies with are Expanding
Factory Outlet Stores
Mail order Operations
Financial Performance of Leading Retailers
Retailers' Pressure on Suppliers
CHAPTER 8: OWNERSHIP
Acquisitions by Other Domestic Textile Companies
Non-Textile Ownership of US textile Companies
Foreign Ownership of US Textile Companies
US Ownership of Foreign Textile Operations
CHAPTER 9: TRENDS IN TEXTILE FIBRES AND FABRIC DEVELOPMENTS
Man-made Textile Fibres and Yarns
Natural Fibres and Yarns
Product Developments
CHAPTER 10: MACHINE AND PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
Government Agencies and machinery Developments
Textile manufacturing Automation
Textile Labour Cost Comparisons
Apparel Manufacturing Automation
CHAPTER 11: AUTOMATION AND CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Difficulties of Introducing Automation
Apparel System Developments
Investment Levels
World Textile Machinery Shipments
CHAPTER 12: SUPPLIER-CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS
Forward and backward Integration
Quick Response Using Computing Controlled Linkages
Just-in-Time Manufacturing and Deliveries
Bar Coding Systems
Milliken's Total Customer
Responsiveness (TCR) Programme
CHAPTER 13: PRODUCT SOURCING AND OFFSHORE ASSEMBLY
Offshore Assembly Plants
CHAPTER 14: ADVERTISING, MERCHANDISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS
Fibre Marketing
Apparel Company and Designer Brand Names
CHAPTER 15: HUMAN RESOURCES
Organisational Structures
People Development
Managing Rapid Change
The Labour Force
CHAPTER 16: UNIONISM AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Management-union Relationships
Labour Relations
CHAPTER 17: INDUSTRY INSTITUTIONS
Education and Training
Major Trade Associations
Trade Publications
Trade Shows
Arbitration
CHAPTER 18: THE FACTORING SECTOR
Sector Structure Current Financial Problems
CHAPTER 19: THE FINANCIAL COMMUNITY AND THE INDUSTRY
Sources of Funds
Financiers' Views of the Industries
Financing Problems in the 1980s and 1990s
CHAPTER 20: THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AREA
The USA and Canada
Inclusion of Mexico in the Free Trade Area
Impact of a USA-Mexico Agreement
Apparel Trade Dispute with Mexico
CHAPTER 21: GOVERNMENT RELATIONSHIPS, REGULATIONS AND TRADE POLICIES
Cuts in Government Assistance
Washington Lobbying
Government Programmes
Gatt and the MFA
Most Favoured Nation Status
Other Government |Assistance Programmes
Congressional Textile Caucus
CHAPTER 22: THE FUTURE
Import Penetration Versus Export Performance
Free Trade or Protectionism?
Future Opportunities
APPENDIX 1: LEADING TEXTILE AND APPAREL MANUFACTURERS AND RETAILERS
APPENDIX 2: US POSTAL CODES BY STATE
APPENDIX 3: ABBREVIATIONS OF ORGANISATIONS
APPENDIX 4: ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY USED IN THE TEXT