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Safeguard:
- (see also textile safeguard, product-specific safeguard) a measure available to a member of the World Trade Organization (World Trade Organization), enabling it to restrict imports of a product temporarily (take safeguard action) under Article XIX of the WTO if its domestic industry is injured or threatened with serious injury caused by a surge in imports. An import surge justifying safeguard action can be a real increase in imports (an absolute increase), or it can be an increase in the share of imports in a shrinking market, even if the import quantity has not increased (relative increase). Industries or companies may request safeguard action by their government. A safeguard measure should not last more than four years, although this can be extended up to eight years. Measures imposed for more than a year must be progressively liberalised. An exporting country can retaliate against the imposition of a safeguard against it by, for instance, raising tariffs on exports from the country which is enforcing the safeguard measure.
Last referenced in: Trade and trade policy: leading clothing suppliers to the EU (Global Apparel Markets Issue 3)
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Sandwash:
- the soft peachskin finish obtained by blasting a fabric with fine sand.
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Sandwich construction:
- a laminate comprising two composite skins bonded to a structural core. Used to create stiff lightweight structures.
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Sanforizing:
- a controlled compressive shrinkage process. The word Sanforized is a registered trade mark and can be used to describe fabrics which meet defined and approved standards of washing shrinkage.
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Sari patterns:
- traditional Indian sari designs.
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Satin weave:
- a warp faced weave in which the binding places are arranged with a view to producing a smooth fabric surface, free from twill.
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Scaffold:
- a temporary platform used for tissue growth.
Last referenced in: Developments in Medical Textiles (Technical Textile Markets Issue 70)
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Schappe silk yarns:
- spun silk yarns which have not been degummed through a fermentation process. Up to 10% of gum may remain on the fibre prior to spinning.
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Scouring:
- the treatment of textiles in aqueous or other solutions in order to remove natural fats, waxes, proteins and other constituents, as well as dirt, oil and other impurities.
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Scrim:
- a fabric with an open or loose configuration of strands or filaments which can usually be easily seen through from a distance.
Last referenced in: Prospects for the Textile and Garment Industry in Vietnam (Textile Outlook International Issue 103)
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